Periodontology

Causes of gingivitis and periodontitis occurrence

The foremost prerequisite for the development of the disease is the lack of a proper oral hygiene. The microorganisms contained in the food, when remaining on the teeth, provoke the development of gingival inflammation and destruction of tissues around the tooth. A soft plaque appears on the dental tartar and further enhances the gingival inflammation. So, the bacterial plaque near the sulcus causes the gingivitis, while the destruction of this sulcus and bone affection is a certain path to periodontitis.

What actions should be taken if you have gingival diseases?

If your gums bleed our there is a foul breath, you need to consult a periodontist who will perform diagnosis, treatment or prevention of periodontal diseases.

The required frequency of plaque removal in case of healthy gums

The professional oral hygiene should be repeated once in half a year through the help of a dental hygienist who provides preventive treatment of periodontitis and helps the patient to properly choose and use the oral cavity hygiene products.

what are the symptoms of gingival inflammation?

The gum inflammation under gingivitis may have the following symptoms: discoloration of gums, recurrent bleeding, foul breath, itching, burning and pain in the gums. Periodontitis Over time, the plaque destroys the ligament between the gum and the tooth, that is a threat of bone affection. Periodontitis is just an inflammation of the bony tissue which surrounds the tooth. The symptoms of periodontitis are as follows: • gum bleeding; • appearance of a distance between the dental root and the gum because of the bone resorption; • foul breath, itching, burning in the gums; • exposure of the dental root; • tooth loosening and change of their position; • achiness, cheek edema and pyorrhea from gums emerge during exacerbation; • pain upon contact of cold, hot, sour and sweet with the teeth, as well as when brushing the teeth (hypersensitivity).

Diagnosis of periodontal diseases

To diagnose Для диагностики the periodontitis it is necessary to conduct thorough examination which includes measuring of the depth of pockets in the points of contact of the tooth and gum surfaces, as well as estimation of the bone loss quantity and tooth loosening. Probably it will be necessary to make a panoramic radiograph and periapical radiography, analysis of the patient’s typodonts and analysis of the microorganisms’ antibiotic sensitivity. All these manipulations are required to get to know about the teeth and bony tissue health in details. If a patient has heart, thyroid problems, or he/she has high blood pressure, diabetes or osteoporosis, they will need additional specialty consultations, since periodontal diseases affect the entire body.

How the periodontitis affect the human body?

As stated before, periodontitis is caused by the dental tartar. The bacteria it contains affect other organs as well. The following diseases may develop due to the long presence of infection in the periodontal pocket: rheumatoid arthritis, atherosclerosis, infectious endocarditis, gastritis and enterocolitis, while high blood pressure, diabetes, thyroid and butterfly adrenal diseases, as well as systemic osteoporosis may in their turn cause parodentium diseases. Such patients must constantly be followed up by a doctor.

Change of the teeth position

Because of the disease-destroyed bone and the chewing process the patient’s teeth may shift. Therefore, orthodontic means, that is, braces may by applied when treating periodontitis. Curvatures under periodontal diseases eliminated within the shortest time period.

Treatment of periodontitis

The duration of periodontal disease treatment depends on the inflammation development degree. Usually the treatment is carried out in three stages. The first stage involves the removal of the dental tartar, cleaning and polishing of roots. In addition to traditional medicinal manipulations, ultrasound techniques are also used, without direct contact with the patient’s teeth. Temporary splinting of the shifted teeth is also performed at the first stage (using special fibers, wires or temporary crowns). The first stage of treatment lasts from 6 weeks to 6 months. At the second stage, the dentist evaluates the previous treatment results – the degree of reduction of each tooth pockets. It is also determined whether the patient needs surgical intervention. Surgical treatment is necessary to fully eliminate the dental tartar and plaque in hard-to-reach areas of roots and to replace the bony tissue affected by inflammation. Such manipulations are carried out under local anaesthesia, that makes them painless. The third stage is necessary to secure the treatment results and prevent the appearance of a new plaque. To avoid recurrence of the disease, the patient needs to undertake preventive procedures, take special medication for the oral cavity immunity. Supportive therapy generally involves adhering to the doctor’s directions and mandatory trips to the dentist once in three months.

The first consultation is free.

“Medesy” Stomatology Center wishes you health and a beaming smile.